Suchergebnisse

National audience ; Greenhouses have a micro-climate that is more humid and warmer than the outside environment. These conditions are particularly conducive to development of a variety of plant pests. in this agrosystem, plant health management has relied for many years on combinations of diverse control methods directed at various pests. This approach (initially referred to as "integrated control") has followed the general conceptual evolution of other agrosystems, and the terms "integrated (and biological) protection", "integrated production", and in France "Agriculture raisonnee", have been increasingly associated with greenhouse vegetable production. However, is it possible for similar development to take place at a practical level, considering the increasingly competitive economic situation and an increasingly complex production scheme? While chemical control has become increasingly difficult, the array of alternative control methods against various pests and pathogens of greenhouse crops has progressively broadened. However, the coordinated deployment of this arsenal in the context of integrated protection (taking into account all plant health constraints in the greenhouse) remains largely empirical and still lacks robustness in confronting a variety of disturbances within the system (emergence of new pests, evolution of legal or economic and social constraints). Furthermore, several studies on durability suggest that in the same way chemical control and the deployment of resistant varieties suffers diminishing effect with recurrent use, other control methods (biological, physical) could also lose their effectiveness against particularly variable plant pests or pathogens. In a perspective of durable development, for which greenhouse production has specific advantages, research should be focused on Integrated Production to take as many of the constraints into account in the production system as possible. Such a multidisciplinary approach represents a challenge that a consortium of Inra (Institut national de ...

Communication orale au 11. IOBC-WPRS Meeting of the working group "Biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens". Climate change: challenge or threat to biocontrol?, 2010/06/07-11 ; Graz (AUT). ; International audience ; Although their role in plant health management is still quite modest, ever increasing expectations are placed on biocontrol agents for the complementation or replacement of pesticide use. Despite decades of research and more than 12,000 scientific papers on biological control of plant diseases, little more than 14 microbe-based commercial products are presently registered for use against diseases in the European Union. Through a review of published scientific literature, economic and market analyses and a survey of 675 farmers in 9 European countries, difficulties and conditions for success have been identified. The most salient features and future outlook are presented in terms of scientific/technical aspects, production costs and return on investment as well as (somewhat unexpected) factors deemed to be most influential on the evolution of the biocontrol market in the coming decades.

Communication orale au 11. IOBC-WPRS Meeting of the working group "Biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens". Climate change: challenge or threat to biocontrol?, 2010/06/07-11 ; Graz (AUT). ; International audience ; Although their role in plant health management is still quite modest, ever increasing expectations are placed on biocontrol agents for the complementation or replacement of pesticide use. Despite decades of research and more than 12,000 scientific papers on biological control of plant diseases, little more than 14 microbe-based commercial products are presently registered for use against diseases in the European Union. Through a review of published scientific literature, economic and market analyses and a survey of 675 farmers in 9 European countries, difficulties and conditions for success have been identified. The most salient features and future outlook are presented in terms of scientific/technical aspects, production costs and return on investment as well as (somewhat unexpected) factors deemed to be most influential on the evolution of the biocontrol market in the coming decades.